番茄叶霉病菌对氟唑菌酰羟胺敏感基线的建立及氟唑菌酰羟胺田间防病效果评价.pdf

研究论文 doi 10 16801 j issn 1008 7303 2021 0143 番茄叶霉病菌对氟唑菌酰羟胺敏感基线的建立及 氟唑菌酰羟胺田间防病效果评价 李秀环1 禾丽菲1 李北兴1 姜 林2 刘 峰1 慕 卫 1 1 山东农业大学 植物保护学院 山东省蔬菜病虫生物学重点实验室 山东省高校农药毒理与应用技术重点实验室 山东 泰安 271018 2 山东农业大学 化工与材料科学学院 山东 泰安 271018 摘 要 氟唑菌酰羟胺 pydiflumetofen 是一种新型SDHI类杀菌剂 目前在中国仅登记用于防 治小麦赤霉病和油菜菌核病 为明确其对番茄叶霉病的防治潜力 测定了番茄叶霉病菌 Passalora fulva 不同发育阶段以及山东省不同地区采集的菌株对氟唑菌酰羟胺的敏感性 并验 证了其田间防治效果 结果表明 氟唑菌酰羟胺对番茄叶霉病菌不同发育阶段均具有较强的抑 制活性 其中对孢子萌发和芽管伸长的抑制作用较强 在0 10 g mL剂量下抑制率均达 50 以上 采用菌丝生长速率法测得从山东省8个地区采集分离的103个菌株的EC50值在 0 04 1 74 g mL之间 平均值为 0 67 0 41 g mL 其敏感性频率分布呈单峰曲线 可将该 平均EC50值作为番茄叶霉病菌对氟唑菌酰羟胺的敏感性基线 两年的田间药效试验结果表 明 200 g L氟唑菌酰羟胺悬浮剂 SC 以有效成分200 g hm2剂量连续施药两次 距末次施药 后7 d对番茄叶霉病的田间防治效果均达80 以上 显著高于对照药剂甲基硫菌灵 thiophanate methyl 有效成分540 g hm2 和氟吡菌酰胺 fluopyram 有效成分150 g hm2 的防治效 果 本研究结果可为氟唑菌酰羟胺在防治番茄叶霉病上应用提供数据支持 关键词 番茄叶霉病菌 氟唑菌酰羟胺 杀菌活性 敏感基线 田间防效 中图分类号 S482 2 文献标志码 A Sensitivity baseline to pydiflumetofen in Passalora fulva and control efficacy of pydiflumetofen against tomato leaf mold LI Xiuhuan1 HE Lifei1 LI Beixing1 JIANG Lin2 LIU Feng1 MU Wei 1 1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology 2 College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018 Shandong Province China Abstract Pydiflumetofen is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor SDHI which shows excellent inhibitory activity to many plant pathogens such as Fusarium graminearum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum In this study the sensitivity to pydiflumetofen of Passalora fulva strains collected from 8 收稿日期 2021 04 28 录用日期 2021 07 02 网络首发日期 2021 09 09 Received Apr 28 2021 Accepted Jul 2 2021 Published online Sep 9 2021 URL https doi org 10 16801 j issn 1008 7303 2021 0143 基金项目 国家重点研发计划 2016YFD0200500 Funding Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2016YFD0200500 第一作者 First author E mail lixiuhuan0822 通信作者 Corresponding author E mail muwei The authors declare that they have no competing interests 农药学学报 2022 24 1 66 72 Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science E mail nyxuebao cities in Shandong Province were tested by using mycelial growth rate method In addition the control efficacy of pydiflumetofen to tomato leaf mold were also investigated in field The results showed that pydiflumetofen had strong inhibitory activity on three developmental stages of P fulva and the inhibitory activities on spore gemination and germ tube elongation were higher than that on mycelial growth Inhibition rate of pydiflumetofen to spore gemination and germ tube elongation of P fulva was over 50 at 0 10 g mL The EC50 values frequency distribution of 103 P fulva isolates to pydiflumetofen on mycelial growth was a unimodal curve and could be regarded as the baseline sensitivity The EC50 values ranged from 0 04 to 1 74 g mL with a mean of 0 67 0 41 g mL In field trials of two years after the last application at the dose of 200 g a i hm2 the control efficacy of pydiflumetofen was above 80 which was significantly higher than that of thiophanate methyl 540 g a i hm2 and fluopyram 150 g a i hm2 This study provides data support for monitoring the resistance of tomato leaf mold to pydiflumetofen and for efficient controlling tomato leaf mold Keywords Passalora fulva pydiflumetofen activity of fungicide sensitivity baseline control efficacy 番茄叶霉病由真菌黄枝孢菌 Passalora fulva Cooke U Braun b Data marked by different letters in the same column are significant different at 0 05 level 70 农 药 学 学 报 Vol 24 治番茄灰霉病 早疫病 叶霉病以及番茄根结线 虫等 17 这在一定程度上增加了SDHI类药剂对田 间番茄叶霉病菌的选择压 使得田间容易出现抗 性菌株 因此在建立杀菌剂的敏感基线时 菌株 来源 药剂使用背景 菌株数和测定敏感性的试 验方法等非常关键 25 本研究中使用的103株番 茄叶霉病菌来自山东省的8个地区 分布相对均 匀且采集地未曾使用过SDHI类药剂 具有一定 的代表性 其平均EC50值 0 67 0 41 g mL 可 以作为山东地区番茄叶霉病菌对氟唑菌酰羟胺的 敏感基线 用于未来田间的抗性监测 He等建立了山东省番茄灰霉病菌对氟唑菌酰 羟胺的敏感性基线 认为氟唑菌酰羟胺防治灰霉 病具有潜在的抗性风险 21 Hou等建立了禾谷镰 刀菌对氟唑菌酰羟胺的敏感性基线 并指出氟唑 菌酰羟胺与苯并咪唑类杀菌剂之间无交互抗性 13 由于SDHI类药剂独特的作用方式 与其他类型 药剂间通常不存在交互抗性 且有研究表明即使 同为SDHI类品种 部分药剂之间也可能不存在交 互抗性 如啶酰菌胺和氟吡菌酰胺 26 27 王晓坤等 报道 多种三唑类杀菌剂对叶霉病的毒力很高 28 因此 将氟唑菌酰羟胺与苯醚甲环唑复配 17 防治 番茄叶霉病是可行的 同时对番茄灰霉病 灰叶 斑病可能具有较好的兼治作用 多数研究往往只注重杀菌剂的保护作用或者 治疗作用 而杀菌剂的保护和治疗作用在田间应 用时很难得到严格控制和设计 因此 在杀菌剂 的应用中同时研究保护和治疗作用非常重要 29 两年的田间防治试验结果表明 氟唑菌酰羟胺的 施用剂量越大 防效越高 且在发病前施药的保 护作用效果远高于发病后再施药的治疗效果 且 发病越重 防效也会降低 这可能与氟唑菌酰羟 胺对叶霉病菌的孢子萌发和芽管伸长具有较强的 抑制活性 能够有效阻止病原菌入侵和扩散有 关 因此 建议在发病前或发病初期施药 与对 照药剂氟吡菌酰胺相比 同等剂量下 氟唑菌酰 羟胺的防效稍高但并不显著 而甲基硫菌灵防效 很低 因此不建议以单剂形式使用 参考文献 References NOVAK A The characterisation of fungi Passalora fulva Cooke U Braun Crous pathotypes causer of tomato leaf mold in Croatia J Poljoprivreda 2012 18 2 65 66 1 韩文华 许文奎 刘石磊 等 番茄叶霉病生理小种分化及抗病育种 2 研究进展 J 辽宁农业科学 2005 5 35 37 HAN W H XU W K LIU S L et al Research advance on race differentiation and breeding for resistance to tomato leaf mold J Liaoning Agric Sci 2005 5 35 37 孟昭礼 罗兰 袁忠林 等 人工模拟的植物源杀菌剂银泰防治番 茄3种病害效果研究 J 中国农业科学 2002 35 7 863 866 MENG Z L LUO L YUAN Z L et al Control effect of fungicide Yintai artificial synthesized on 3 kinds of tomato diseases J Scientia Agricultura Sinica 2002 35 7 863 866 3 CHEN C WANG Y M SU C et al Antifungal activity of Streptomyces 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