LED补光和根区加温对日光温室起_省略_嵌式基质栽培甜椒生长及产量的影响
<p>ÏS 3 ÿ jÓ S , ö1V Y ! ó!ÐÑØ eýñZ ë¥ùîýTb E-mail: liuwenkecaas.cn °SZ , ö1V Y ! Tþô uÌ e/ Z ë¥ùîýTb E-mail: haifengzhisheng126.com là ° ù : 2016-08-22 ¤ s ° ù : 2016-12-05 * Supported by the National High-tech R accepted Dec. 5, 2016 http:/www.ecoagri.ac.cn DOI: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160741 °SZ , É , >Ó S . LED;ô uFÑ °Ñ i I = 3 TÉ ¡C 3É#Á ¥Y J. ÏS 3 ÿ j¥ £ , ® Ñ/ Î , O ?M û Ú¥ô uÑbô uFÑ 18 ) Øô uÑMÄ ¹BÁbô uÑ 4:00 7 S 6Ú , VC5 6Úª®¥MÄ? p , 9:00 P·r´ , ÐFÑ 8:00BÁ , V ? ®¿%i¥ £ ö?Ã4Úô uÑ , 9:00 £ X»û Û £ , Ñ 7 S/ , Ñ £ Ü Úb 图 2 甜椒根区加温阶段日光温室内、外气温 (a)及不同加温条件下甜椒根区温度变化 (b) Fig. 2 Air temperatures inside and outside solar greenhouse during root zone heating period of sweet pepper (a) and changes of root zone temperatures of sweet pepper under different heating conditions (b) CK: v ¡ I , Éô uFÑ3ª) Ø ; T15: ô uFÑ 15 ) Ø ; T18: ô uFÑ 18 ) Øb CK: the control without heating and lighting; T15: root zone heating for 15 ; T18: root zone heating for 18 . 2.2 ÿô uFÑHq/Cô u £ ÜÐ ¥bô uFÑ3ªx) Ø¥C 3þ ôRÚ¿Bô uF » 2 ù °SZ© : LED;ô uFÑ °Ñ i I = 3 TÉ ¡C 3É#Á ¥Y 235 http:/www.ecoagri.ac.cn 表 1 不同加温补光条件下甜椒的形态和生物量指标 (n=6) Table 1 Morphological parameters of sweet pepper under different heating and lighting conditions ) Ø Treatment éÚ Plant height (cm) ÔY Stem diameter (mm) 3ª¨ Canopy thickness (cm) 3ª°å Canopy diameter(cm) ¹ 7× Fresh shoot weight (g) ¹ Ä× Dry shoot weight (g) ô“7× Fresh root weight (g) ô“Ä× Dry root weight (g) CK 72.50±0.98e 9.87±0.37c 32.50±2.08c 31.75±0.96d 313.33±12.58c 40.71±4.04d 29.76±1.29d 5.06±0.46c T15 77.63±0.94c 10.43±0.40bc 35.25±2.78b 36.00±0.91c 329.67±11.06bc 42.19±3.28cd 32.59±1.37cd 5.56±0.43c T18 81.13±0.86b 11.41±0.56a 37.00±2.45b 38.00±0.82b 349.33±12.10b 49.49±2.70b 36.19±1.18b 7.71±0.26ab L 75.13±0.74d 9.97±0.69c 32.25±2.63c 36.75±0.96bc 319.67±14.80c 45.41±3.71bc 34.66±2.12bc 5.95±0.53c T15+L 79.00±0.82c 10.91±0.28ab 37.13±2.02b 37.50±0.91b 333.33±15.28bc 50.08±4.02b 36.80±2.17b 7.17±0.72b T18+L 86.13±0.92a 11.49±0.40a 40.00±3.16a 39.75±0.50a 388.33±12.58a 57.25±2.35a 42.72±1.72a 8.41±0.32a CK: v ¡ I , Éô uFÑ3ª) Ø ; T15: ô uFÑ 15 ) Ø ; T18: ô uFÑ 18 ) Ø ; L: 3ª) Ø ; T15+L: ôuFÑ 15 3ª) Ø ; T18+L: ô uFÑ 18 3ª) Øbl3 V U) ØW 0.05 £ Ü µsA÷b CK: the control without heating and lighting; T15: root zone heating for 15 ; T18: root zone heating for 18 ; L: sole LED supplemental lighting; T15+L: root zone heating for 15 + LED supplemental lighting; T18+L: root zone heating for 18 + LED supplemental lighting. Lowercases indicate significant differences among treatments at 0.05 level. Ñ) Ø , Ïô uFÑ 18 ) Ø4 6rTA÷ª¿FÑ 15 ) Øb 2.4 ô uFÑ LED;CÁ ¥Y ®V 2 V© , ô uFÑ3ª ( ?4ÚC¥Á bô uFÑ 15 18 ) Ø¥T LvlaTL aTש·SÃA÷4Ú , éÁ ¤A÷4 6 , Oô uFÑ 18 1FÑ 15 A÷4Ú éÁ b T15 T18) Ø¥CÁsY1 CK4Ú 30.74% 53.00%bB3ªÁ ·S (íA÷4 6T¨ , Á 1 CK4 6 14.81%bô uFÑ¥$ É3ªöÉB4 6C¥Á ·Sb ô uFÑ3ªxT¨1B¥ô uFÑ3ªû ?VC÷z¥9ÁrTb ô uFÑ3ªxT¨ ?1Bô uFÑ) Ø÷FA÷¥¹4ÚÁ b Ï T15+L M¿ T15 ¥9ÁrT11 T18+LM¿ T18¥9ÁrT÷ª , T L T× VCA÷b T15+L T18+L ) Ø1BFÑHq/¥Á sY4 6 32.86% 15.50%, sY1 L ) Ø¥CÁ 4 6 51.29% 53.87%, 7T18+L1 T15+L¥Á 4 6 1.7%, 9ÁrT üAb 表 2 不同加温补光条件下的甜椒产量指标 (n=6) Table 2 Yield parameters of sweet pepper under different heating and lighting conditions ) Ø Treatment T L°å Fruit diameter (mm) T LÉ Fruit length (mm) T L Fruit number T× Single fruit weight (g) éÁ Single plant yield (g·plant1) Á Yield (kg·m2)CK 88.68±2.81b 75.69±3.78a 2.80±0.84c 119.15±10.09a 332.82±99.33d 2.70 T15 91.26±3.19ab 81.53±5.03a 3.60±1.52bc 131.48±14.18a 468.66±82.71bc 3.53 T18 91.83±3.14ab 77.59±3.59a 4.20±0.45abc 136.74±13.49a 573.30±69.99ab 4.13 L 90.73±2.31ab 78.85±5.18a 3.20±1.10c 131.40±13.31a 409.28±78.75cd 3.10 T15+L 94.06±2.14a 77.39±4.06a 5.20±1.10a 121.80±11.76a 633.04±88.32a 4.69 T18+L 93.33±3.64a 79.38±5.26a 5.00±0.71ab 131.05±15.03a 649.02±63.53a 4.77 CK: v ¡ I , Éô uFÑ3ª) Ø ; T15: ô uFÑ 15 ) Ø ; T18: ô uFÑ 18 ) Ø ; L: 3ª) Ø ; T15+L: ôuFÑ 15 3ª) Ø ; T18+L: ô uFÑ 18 3ª) Øbl3 V U) ØW 0.05 £ Ü µsA÷b CK: the control without heating and lighting; T15: root zone heating for 15 ; T18: root zone heating for 18 ; L: sole LED supplemental lighting; T15+L: root zone heating for 15 + LED supplemental lighting; T18+L: root zone heating for 18 + LED supplemental lighting. Lowercases indicate significant difference among treatments at 0.05 level. 3 结论与讨论 °Ñ i SRSC ¡¥C µÚÁ . ï , se¿®Ñ Ð Iâ² , /îhÁb' k²TVü, Ñ ®¥ÌâHq/ , ô uFÑ LED£¡ ?É °Ñ i SRSC ¡C¥ 3Éi9F Á , ª üë1 °Ñ i SRSCZE¨ 3ÁVñÏ , ô uFÑ LED; ?ÉB4 6 3Á ?b SRSCô uFÑ ?¿MCô u¥Ñ £MÄ? p , O Ú¥ô uFÑÑô uÑ £Y MÄY vbùî?C , ë1 °Ñ iÌâK®ÑC 6:00P· , 7r ¡ I¥ÑMÄMÌâÑ¥MÄ µÌª18,27bÑ i b Ñ*ä Vá Î 6Ú , ô uÑ 6Ñ ¤ , N H , ®ô uÑ e Ï1«Y±þ 3É 3 Øî¥1oÌây Í23bá ÌÊ4ô uÑ ®¥ 4:00i236 ÏS 3 ÿ j . ! ¡/r ÏbÄa QbÄT¨¥ùî J. 3 ÿÐ , 1996, 16(3): 246250 Yin Y X, Liu H Y. Investigation on nitrification and denitrification of soil under installing cultivation conditionsJ. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1996, 16(3): 246250 5 Ùê á , ó½ , î¿ . ! r 3 ÿÌâ+ÄÐØ e J. 3 ÿн , 2004, 23(5): 192197 Li D P, Wu Z J, Liang C H. Characteristics and regulation of greenhouse soil environmentJ. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2004, 23(5): 192197 6 Malcolm P J, Holford P, Barchia I, et al. High and low root zone temperatures at bud-break reduce growth and influence dry matter partitioning in peach rootstocksJ. Scientia Horticulturae, 2014, 171: 8390 7 äÍ Ö , Ù? , k . ùWð®Ñ#ë¯I N» 2 ù °SZ© : LED;ô uFÑ °Ñ i I = 3 TÉ ¡C 3É#Á ¥Y 237 http:/www.ecoagri.ac.cn ;T¨¥Y J. óÐ , 2011, 38(4): 683691 Liu Y F, Li T L, Jiao X C. Effects of short-term sub-low night temperature treatment and recovery on the photosynthesis and sucrose-metabolizing of tomato leavesJ. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2011, 38(4): 683691 9 ±ÓZ , Üß . ®Ñ ÐI N±é 3É?â# 3 Øÿ?¥Y J. ÏS 3 ÿ jÓ S . °Ñ i 4 Õ I Z TC¼ ì3É¥Y J. jÓ S . °Ñ iC I = 3 TÉ ¡ô uÑ °MÄ+ J. ÏS 3 ÿ jÓ S . r I = 3É ¡Z T °Ñ i=C¥Ñ9Ár J. ÏS j< , 2016, 37(2): 199205 Fu G H, Liu W K. Effects on cooling down and increasing yield of sweet pepper of a novel cultivation method: Soil ridge substrate-embedded in Chinese solar greenhouseJ. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2016, 37(2): 199205 20 Miao M, Zhang Z, Xu X, et al. Different mechanisms to obtain higher fruit growth rate in two cold-tolerant cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) lines under low night temperatureJ. Scientia Horticulturae, 2009, 119(4): 357361 21 Ambebe T F, Dang Q L, Li J L. Low soil temperature inhibits the effect of high nutrient supply on photosynthetic response to elevated carbon dioxide concentration in white birch seedlingsJ. Tree Physiology, 2010, 30(2): 234243 22 Nxawe S, Laubscher C P, Ndakidemi P A. Effect of regulated irrigation water temperature on hydroponics production of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)J. Journal of Agricultural Research, 2009, 4(12): 14421446 23 Yan Q Y, Duan Z Q, Mao J D, et al. Low root zone temperature limits nutrient effects on cucumber seedling growth and induces adversity physiological responseJ. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2013, 12(8): 14501460 24 ç祎 . ±þô uF £®Ñ i ?÷h J. j<ýñ/ (Ñ ió ), 2008(3): 20 Chen W. Plant root zone heating to reduce energy consumption of greenhouseJ. Agriculture Engineering Technology (Greenhouse Horticulture), 2008(3): 20 25 w ¼ , õ¿ , Ù Z , © . ¹ ëF £“dÑ i £Ìâ©çÐÜ6s J. j<ýñÐ , 2003, 19(1): 180183 Qu M, Ma C W, Li S H, et al. Analysis of thermal environment of greenhouse with floor heating systemJ. Transactions of the CSAE, 2003, 19(1): 180183 26 a , ½· , ·½Ð , © . ;ÉÛ(a I N¼ ì 3É# 3 Ø+¥Y J. óÐ , 2009, 36(5): 663670 Cui J, Ma Z H, Xu Z G, et al. Effects of supplemental lighting with different light qualities on growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber, pepper and tomato seedlingsJ. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2009, 36(5): 663670 27 Ù ; æ , ¦ ( , äÍ < . ð ! Ñ v °#Ñ ?ùî J. jÄùî , 2007(8): 106108 Li S L, Wang Q, Sun Z Q. Study on the temperature of wide-span plastic covered tunnel greenhouseJ. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2007(8): 106108 28 Kurets V K, Drozdov S N, Popov E G, et al. Effect of thermoperiod on net photosynthesis and night respiration of cucumber plantsJ. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 1999, 46(2): 163167 29 Apostol K G, Jacobs D F, Wilson B C, et al. Growth, gas exchange, and root respiration of Quercus rubra seedlings exposed to low root zone temperatures in solution cultureJ. Forest Ecology and Management, 2007, 253(1/3): 8996 30 Boone R D, Nadelhoffer K J, Canary J D, et al. Roots exert a 238 ÏS 3 ÿ j<Ð 2017 » 25 http:/www.ecoagri.ac.cn strong influence on the temperature sensitivity of soil respirationJ. Nature, 1998, 396(6711): 570572 31 Awal M A, Ikeda T, Itoh R. The effect of soil temperature on source-sink economy in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)J. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2003, 50(1): 4150 32 Zhou R, Quebedeaux B. Changes in photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in mature apple leaves in response to whole b plant source-sink manipulationJ. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 2003, 128(1): 113119 33 ¦ é , d , ñ? , © . ä °Ñ iÛ(;+#;Áþs ¥¥Y J. j<ýñÐ , 2008, 24(9): 203206 Wang S H, Kong Y, Cheng J H, et al. Effects of supplied light on photosynthetic characteristics and translocation of 14C- assimilates of cucumber growing under solar greenhouseJ. Transactions of the CSAE, 2008, 24(9): 203206 34 à ù á , ÑV , Ùð 2 . ô=Úѱþ 3É¥Y8 J. 3 ÿн , 2010, 29(11): 22582264 Song M L, Wen X Z, Li Y L. Effects of high rhizosphere temperature on plant growth and metabolism: A reviewJ. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2010, 29(11): 22582264 </p>
个人主页