蚯蚓粪基质与肥料添加量对辣椒穴盘育苗效果的研究

là ° ù:2005-08-16à2006-04-29=¿àÁ “:SE S/þ19Ã(2004BA521B01); j< vL.Ð 3 Ø×Ä 7b L i'ù “(2005)Teº:i ´(1965-), 3,p V,ùîô,ö1V Y výÌÄÕ ì 3Á/ ùî。 ó“ÈÅ:(010)68919540,E-mail:shangqmmail.caas.net.cnZ j<Ð 2006,22(2):13-16Acta Agriculturae ShanghaiÓcI|:1000-3924(2006)02-13-04 ÉÐg F Ñ â ìrT¥ùî尚庆茂1 , 张志刚1 , 朱为民2(1ÏS j< SÐý v½ñùî î,Ø100081;2 Z g j< SÐýóùî î, Z g ! ó/ ×Ä L i, Z201106)K 1:| F¿21(v/v)¥1 èFî¯É, ªF© ¥CO(NH2)2KNO3 ,¨¿ Ñ â ì。²TV ü:YVF a ¥g , V üA4Ú¯É¥È q(EC´),¿ ÿ ¥ ì q¼ ì= Ë= s Íc ,A÷ɼ ì±é¥ 3É?â。ô ì· , ñÊKDg F CO(NH2)20.2 kg/m3KNO3 0.8 kg/m3 。ùî²T¹ æ¨ 9¤ ¡â rÑ ì4 SÐ gG 。1oM: ;g ; ;Ñ ìÏms Ë|:S641.3 ÓDS M :Aâ ì v ¡¥×1Ì«­B, ìÉ ¥Ú®°¤1“ v籪±é 3É?âÐÁ î 1 。ýÌÄÑ â ì 8ý、 8 ï、î'®、r qÚ,î ìL¿ù Ö ÄM,籪ô“ ïz、Ï ì y©,ï9.d¥ ë!râ ì,î¹áSö1¥â ìZ T 2 。â ìÉ ýÌÄÑâ ì¥×1Fîs, z¥þ ØÄÐFî ìîÀ1×1。 “ -,S = výÌÄÑ â 쨤“¯É。 ,¤'÷s ( V 3,Xø×YÑ â ìî''÷ ¹。2004 M' “XYVñÉ ¥1 k ñÊ Ñ â ìKD¥ 、 F1è,NQ ' Æùîg F Ñ ì 3É?â¥Y,¹ æ¨ 9¤ ¡â rÑ ì4 SÐ g 。'Ó¡¾ùî²T。1 ÐZE1.1 ÖÕʨ N Ê,®ÏS j< SÐý v½ñùî î âÕ 5F4。 1¥ ME 3 ÿ j<Ú/ Á< u,¹ hÄÖ Ü¦Ì îÁ 3¥l þ。ô j< v ÖÉSü_© kÏ_©á(No.040159)A U:¾ cµÉ18%、 Îr518 mg/kg、Îr970 mg/kg、 ÎrK524 mg/kg,!sî Pc Ú,7N 、Kc ®。1.2 Z Ek¿2005 M=1ÏS j< SÐý v½ñùî î °Ñ i =É。39 °|Õ0°l¿72d(6×12 dÑ)ÉZS Ñ Ñ ,È?¤â ìÉ#!s ¥1Tv(CK),¤ F¿21(v/v),i¿ Ä ëZÉÏF Æ ³Ä5 kg ¯g1 .5 kg(NP2O5K2O =151515)。ò) ØÉÕ Ë、 ¥1#g F nV1。 Äñ) Ø#vòlÕ3 ,9216é, Ä ¹1Qׯ,9ׯ3Q,ׯW Û 。­Â ¨1.5 cm¨¥ F。427 ° Äׯ ÛÊ |10é¼ ì, Ä) Ø 930é,Ø° 3É?â·S。Ä(7)שç:VÑ Ï | ¼ ì±é,¨ £ !Äêª,sY©çô、Ô=7×,7ªÂ ÆÈ £ÑÄQ,105 ê 30 min ,80 ÄÀתë Ä× 3 。= s Íc ©ç:vfI© 4ZE。Û |ò) Ø ¼ ì±é»4 Ë=,¨ud u |0.4 cm¥=õ Ë,©8Y?、dAÏ412 h。ׯ3Q。¨UV-1700,/ Vns;9©çÏ4AA663A645 , ª¿ T9 Ø= s Íc 。ÉEC´©ç: |) ØÄÉ10 g,F Æ50 mL < £,Ï430 min,¨ r¼V r(À b¹¸), | rA¨DDSJ-308AÈ qNÉ©ç 5 。2 ²TÐs2.1 g FÉEC´¥YEC´¥vlQ ¡É ·AÏ V ·÷ Ë¥*。EC´V®VÚ ( æ¿ v¼ ì¥ 3É?â。É ¥² ª,©çò)ØÉ¥EC´(m1),?C îµ F¯É¥EC´û üAÚ¿v(CK),' PÃF © g (T1) ¯1vÚ12.5ñäsÄ Û“g F ¥9F,ÉEC´9M4Ú, ÏEC´KÚ¥) Ø T13,1È?v4Ú36.9ñäsÄ,1ÃFg ¥ F¯É(T1)4Ú24.4ñäsÄ。H,Î V AKNO34ÚÉEC´¥ Dùv¿CO(NH2)2 。2.2 É#g F ì q¥Y) Ø ì q¥d9²T(V2)A U,V1 â ìÉ ¥1(81)#g F (kg/m3)Table1 Volumetricratioofmediaandamount of fertilizerapplied) ØTreatment Worm cast FVermiculite CO(NH2)2 KNO3T1 2 1T2 2 1 0.2 0.2T3 2 1 0.2 0.4T4 2 1 0.2 0.6T5 2 1 0.2 0.8T6 2 1 0.4 0.2T7 2 1 0.4 0.4T8 2 1 0.4 0.6T9 2 1 0.4 0.8T10 2 1 0.6 0.2T11 2 1 0.6 0.4T12 2 1 0.6 0.6T13 2 1 0.6 0.8T14 2 1 0.8 0.2T15 2 1 0.8 0.4T16 2 1 0.8 0.6T17 2 1 0.8 0.8vEC´¹1,ò) ØECM´Ratios of EC values of different treatments to EC volue of CKm1 g FÉEC´¥YFig.1 Effectsof fertilizeradditionsonelectricconductivityofmediaÐÈ?¤ F¯É(CK)M1, F¯É(T1 T17) üAÉ ¥ ì, ÂlÕªV2 É) Ø Õ0¥ ì q(%)Table2 Emergencerateof pepperindifferentmedia) ØTreatmentlÕª? (d)(Days after seeding)12 13 14 15 16CK 30.56 61.11 69.44 77.78 88.89T1 50.00 80.56 88.89 88.89 91.67T2 58.33 75.00 86.11 88.89 91.67T3 52.78 75.00 80.56 86.11 88.89T4 61.11 75.00 77.78 77.78 86.11T5 55.56 69.44 75.00 75.00 80.56T6 69.44 88.89 97.22 97.22 97.22T7 52.78 69.44 75.00 77.78 88.89T8 77.78 86.11 94.44 94.44 94.44T9 75.00 91.67 94.44 94.44 94.44T10 55.56 88.89 91.67 91.67 91.67T11 58.33 72.22 75.00 80.56 80.56T12 52.78 72.22 80.56 83.33 88.89T13 58.33 72.22 83.33 88.89 91.67T14 63.89 80.56 86.11 86.11 86.11T15 50.00 69.44 75.00 83.33 83.33T16 63.89 75.00 83.33 86.11 91.67T17 52.78 77.78 80.56 80.56 88.89ÿ:VÏ 3Qׯ¥ Ü (´, ÄQׯ72é。Notes:The data are averages of three replications.There were 72 plants in each replication.14 Z j < Ð 22 »12?,v¥ ì qÇ30.56%,7 ð) Ø (ÑV50%,Ú(T8)r77.78%,1v4Ú 47.22ñäsÄlÕª»16?, Éñ) Ø( ÂT2、T3©) ì q (ÑV 90%,7vÇ88.98%。ÉBs ÉÏg F ì q¥Y, V AT6、T8、T9T¨÷FA÷,lÕª»16? ò) Ø¥ ì qsYÚ ÉÃg F) Ø5.55ñäsÄ2.77ñäsÄ。yN, ª ü É9¤#F a ¥g ( kÊ4S¶ =),Çö® ¥ ì q,MQ÷Fµ æ¿ ìq¥4Ú。2.3 É#g F ¼ ì= Ë= s Íc ¥YÂV3 î U, É“ÃFg ) Ø, ðò) ؼ ì= Ë¥= s Ía、= s Íb#=s Í9 (A÷¹Ú¿È?¤É, ,= s Ía/b´ A÷¹®¿v(n=3, P <0.05), ª ü Ég Fª÷µ æ¿=Ë= s Í¥î,i O= s Íb¥T¨1v¿= s Ía。1 ÉÏòg F = s Í¥Y, V b#¹ A Ûg F9F,= s Íc 9ïA÷9F¥ t ,g F ÑVBç ª,= s Íc 9FMl( ÂT17)。V3 g F ¼ ì= Ë= s Íc ¥T¨Table3 Effectsof fertilizeradditionsonchlorophyllcontent inpepperseedlingleaves) ØTreatment= s ÍaChl a(mg·g-1FW)= s ÍbChl b(mg·g-1FW)Chl(a+b)(mg·g-1FW) Chl a/bCK 1.07±0.01 n 0.33±0.01 k 1.41±0.01 l 3.23±0.01 aT1 1.01±0.01 o 0.32±0.02 l 1.33±0.01 m 3.14±0.04bcT2 1.24±0.01 l 0.39±0.01 i 1.63±0.01 j 3.18±0.01 abT3 1.28±0.01 k 0.40±0.02 h 1.68±0.01 i 3.19±0.02 abT4 1.56±0.01 h 0.49±0.02 f 2.05±0.01 g 3.17±0.03 abT5 1.60±0.01 g 0.50±0.01 e 2.10±0.02 f 3.18±0.01 abT6 1.52±0.01 j 0.48±0.01 g 2.01±0.01 h 3.15±0.02bT7 1.54±0.01 i 0.49±0.02 f 2.03±0.01 gh 3.16±0.02bT8 1.61±0.01 g 0.50±0.01 e 2.11±0.02 f 3.19±0.02 abT9 1.63±0.01 f 0.53±0.01 d 2.16±0.01 e 3.11±0.02bcT10 1.76±0.01 d 0.55±0.02 c 2.32±0.01 d 3.18±0.01 abT11 1.82±0.01 b 0.58±0.01 b 2.40±0.01 b 3.12±0.02bcT12 1.83±0.02 b 0.58±0.03 b 2.42±0.01 b 3.15±0.01bT13 1.65±0.02 e 0.53±0.02 d 2.18±0.02 e 3.13±0.01bcT14 1.79±0.01 c 0.58±0.01 b 2.37±0.01 c 3.10±0.01bcT15 1.83±0.01 b 0.58±0.01 b 2.41±0.01 b 3.15±0.01bT16 1.86±0.01 a 0.60±0.02 a 2.46±0.01 a 3.08±0.01 cT17 1.15±0.02 m 0.37±0.01 j 1.52±0.02 k 3.12±0.02bcÿ:LSR©。VÏ 3Qׯ¥ Ü (´Sµ,3 V UP =0.05µsA÷£ Ü。Notes:LSR test.The data are mean±SE(n=3).Values followed by different letters in the samecolumnmean significantly different at P =0.05.ÉBsg = Ë= s Íc ¥T¨, ÂT2 T4 ,M¥CO(NH2)2F (0.2 kg/m3),KNO3®0.2 kg/m34Ú0.6 kg/m3 ,= s Í9 4Ú 25.77 %; 7,M¥KNO3F (0.2 kg/m3),CO(NH2)2F ®0 .2 kg/m34Ú0.6 kg/m3 ,= s Í9 4Ú 42.33%。A ,a ¥g FS¶ =,CO(NH2)2= Ë= s Í¥T¨1v¿KNO3g 。2.4 É#g F Ñ ì 3É?â¥YÂV4 î U,ÐÈ?¤ÉM1, É#g F üA4Ú Ñ ìéÚ、ÔY、= 、ô8、éÄש ç·S,i OéÚ、ô8、éÄ× r A÷µs £ Ü(n =10,P <0 .05); H,®¿ Ég F¹ й/#éÚÐÔY¥ ÉT¨, P¤ Ég Fªvs) ØÑ ìô31、 ì· ÐvÃîA÷µs。V4 ¯É#g F Ñ ì 3É?â¥YTable4 Growthanddevelopmentofplugpepperseedlingunderwormcast compoundmediumandfertilizerapplication) ØTreatmentéÚPlantheight(cm)ÔYStem diameter(cm)= Leafnumberô8Rootvolume(cm3)éÄ×Dry matter(g·plant -1)ô31Root/shoot ratio(Dry matter) ì· Sound seedlingindexCK 6.4 c 0.23 b 4.8 b 0.41 c 0.1170 f 0.44 a 0.0043 bT1 9.5 ab 0.26 ab 6.0 b 0.70 b 0.1968 cde 0.43 ab 0.0054 bT2 11.3 a 0.29 ab 7.3 a 0.75 a 0.3081 a 0.39 ab 0.0080 aT3 10.3 ab 0.28 ab 6.8 ab 0.72 ab 0.2431 abcde 0.37 ab 0.0067 abT4 9.5 ab 0.29 ab 6.5 ab 0.79 ab 0.2536 abcd 0.40 ab 0.0077 abT5 9.9 ab 0.30 a 7.0 ab 0.81 ab 0.2744 ab 0.40 ab 0.0083 aT6 10.1 ab 0.27 ab 7.0 ab 0.67 b 0.2291 bcde 0.38 ab 0.0063 abT7 9.6 ab 0.28 ab 6.8 ab 0.72 ab 0.2402 abcde 0.40 ab 0.0071 abT8 9.6 ab 0.28 ab 7.0 ab 0.73 ab 0.2526 abcd 0.37 ab 0.0074 abT9 9.8 ab 0.27 ab 7.0 ab 0.75 ab 0.2413 abcde 0.37 ab 0.0070 ab152 ù i ´©: ÉÐg F Ñ â ìrT¥ùîÃV4(Table4 continued)T10 9.9 ab 0.26 ab 6.7 ab 0.83 ab 0.2613 abc 0.38 ab 0.0070 abT11 8.4 b 0.26 ab 5.8 b 0.54 bc 0.1828 de 0.35 ab 0.0057 bT12 9.0 b 0.28 ab 6.5 ab 0.66 b 0.2160 bcde 0.36 ab 0.0067 abT13 9.1 b 0.26 ab 6.5 ab 0.61 bc 0.2059 bcde 0.36 ab 0.0062 abT14 9.7 ab 0.29 ab 6.8 ab 0.77 ab 0.2453 abcde 0.34 b 0.0074 abT15 8.8 b 0.25 b 6.0 b 0.48 bc 0.1777 e 0.30 b 0.0051 bT16 9.8 ab 0.27 ab 6.5 ab 0.67 b 0.2335 bcde 0.32 b 0.0065 abT17 9.4 ab 0.28 ab 6.3 b 0.82 ab 0.2434 abcde 0.42 ab 0.0073 abÿ:LSR©。VÏ ¹3Qׯ¥ Ü (´, Äׯ10é,3 V UP =0.05µsA÷ £ Ü。 ì· =(ÔY/éÚ)×éÄ×。Note:LSR test.Data are averages of three replications.There were 10 plants in each replication.Values followed by different letters in thesame column are significantly different at P =0.05.Sound seedling index =(stem diameter/plant height)×dry matter.3 ² Ð) 3.1 ÐÈ?¤ F¯ÉM1, É#g ¥1ö® Õ0¥ ì q,A÷É ¼ì±é 3É?â,4Ú ¼ ì¥ ì· = Ë= s Íc , ª ü É V9¤,¨¿ Ñ â ì。3.2 M ¥1(8121)Hq/, É¥EC´ üAÚ¿¤É,Q µ1¤ Ú¥È³É i;'ùîÎ?Cidg ¥F Ú, ¼ ì¥ 3É?âz,7 a ¥g Fµ 濼 ì¥ 3É?âN,KNO3ÉEC´¥T¨ùv¿CO(NH2)2 ,yN, P¨ ÉÉÑ â ì Hg FBç1ÿig Õ Ë¥Ê4# F ,5,Ç/îA1¥ ¶n,Q7®¼ ìÉ 。3.3 'ùî ô ¥ÄÐ+,'ÚP、®NK ,7Ê4ºcN 、Kí Í¥g ÉF,i |¤ z¥â ìrT,Bçñ 9V ü Øví Í Üó â ì¥×1。yN,ª¥ vÑâ ìÏ,Ê4 ÷¥ TÉ,Bç1ô É12 Hortitultural Research Institute, SAAS ,Shanghai Key Labof Protected Horticultural Technology , Shanghai 201106, China)Abstract:The worm cast and vermiculite compound medium was prepared at thevolumetric ratio of 2 to1, and then different amounts of CO(NH2)2 and KNO3 were added and plug pepper seedling culture was car-ried out .The results showed that adding appropriateamount of fertilizer could obviously raise theelectric con-ductivity of the medium, and improve the emergence rate of pepper and the chlorophyll content of seedlingleaves as well as significantly promote the grow th and development of plug seedlings.According to the soundseedling index the optimal amount of fertilizer added was 0 .2 kg/m3 CO(NH2)2 and 0.8 kg/m3 KNO3 .Keywords:Worm cast;Fertilizer;Pepper;Plug seedling16 Z j < Ð 22