数字图像技术在黄瓜氮素营养诊断上的应用研究

<p>&nbsp; &nbsp;宋述尧,教授,博士生导师。1982年 7月毕业于吉林农业大学园艺系,1985年7月获硕士学位,后留校任教至今。曾任园艺系副主任、校科研处处长,现任园艺学院院长,蔬菜学学科带头人。兼任中国园艺学会理事、吉林省农学会常务理事、吉林省园艺学会副理事长。主要从事蔬菜学、设施园艺的教学与科研工作。主讲研究生与本科生蔬菜栽培学、高级蔬菜生理学、设施园艺学等课程。发表学术论文60余篇,主编专著 2部。先后承担国家、省级科研项目20余项,获省科技进步二、三等奖4项。近年来先后担任吉林省农业跨世纪学科学术带头人 、吉林省跨世纪学科学术带头人 、吉林省跨世纪农业科技骨干、农业部丰收奖(吉林)评审专家、吉林省农业综合开发专家组专家、吉林省农业科技首批专家顾问组专家。3m/ Û( Í! ¥¨ùî 宋述尧1 , 王秀峰2(1.吉林农业大学园艺学院, 长春 130118;2.吉林省蔬菜花卉研究所,长春 130033)K 1:试验设计了6种氮素水平处理温室黄瓜,利用数码相机获取黄瓜冠层图像,分析了不同供氮水平下黄瓜冠层图像参数与施氮量、土壤无机氮(Nmin)和植株氮素营养指标之间的关系。结果表明:黄瓜冠层图像G/(R+G+B)为诊断黄瓜结果期氮素营养状况的适宜数字化参数。建立了评价黄瓜结果期氮素营养丰缺的冠层图像数字化指标 G/(R +G+B)的量值标准和氮肥推荐标准。1oM:黄瓜;氮;数字图像;营养诊断Ïms Ë|:TP391.41;S642.2 &nbsp; ÓDS M :A &nbsp; ÓcI|:1000-5684(2008)04-0460-06Diagnosis of N Status of Cucumber Using Digital ImageProcessing TechniqueSONG Shu-yao1, WANG Xiu-feng2(1.College of Horticulture , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China ;2.Institute ofVegetable Science of Jilin Province , Changchun 130033, China)Abstract:The digital pictures of the winter wheat canopy were obtained with a Canon digital camera in2004.The G/(R +G +B)ratio from the cucumber canopy was compared, to the Nmin concentration inthe soil,to the sap nitrate concentration in petiole , to the SPAD readings of leaves,and to the total N con-Á “: 8×v S/þ1 “(20000202-1)là ° ù:2008-06-10吉林农业大学学报 2008,30(4):460 465 http :/ xuebao.jlau.edu.cnJournal of Jilin Agricultural University E-mail :jlndxb vip.sina.comDOI :10.13327 /j .j jlau.2008.04 .038centration.The results show significant inverse linear correlation between the G/(R +G+B)ratio andNmin in soil, sap nitrate concentration in petiole , total N, and SPAD readings at bearing fruit stage.G/(R +G+B)can be considered as an important indictor of N status in cucumber.Optimum N rate attop-dress was determined in growth stages.Key words:cucumber;nitrogen;digital image technique;N status diagnosis! ¡Û(Á V Ñv,Ü6rmÚ, 3Á 8¿Ñ g ¤ÚÁ 。Bt vÁ ug L= Æ 1Èwi Ú2 ,71g æ¨ q 10% 1 。V ¨gÇ9F 3Áî&#39;,® vÁ ÖÉ , H9? B 3 ÿHq0Ä、¹/ £ê ©B“¥ÌâÙ5。Û( µ²T ùÉ、 dòTô“ 0、 0g ï Ð¥ 3 Ø+,BW ¡³Qg ? ¡ 3ɳ p。Û( ÿ9 ¥40% 50%,yNÛ(g µ &nbsp;240 kg/hm2),Á MÄv。V3 £ ÜÛ(T L、Ô=¹ 3þ ¥YTable3.Effect of nitrogen levels on dry weight of fruits,shootsand biomassincucumber kg/hm2 NT LÄ×Economic yield(DW)Ô=Ä×Shoot weight(DW)¹ Ä×Biomass in shoot(DW)0 2 631a 2 936a 5 567a80 3 250b 3 728ab 6 978b160 3 515bc 4 204bc 7 718bc240 3 779c 4 316c 8 095c320 3 930c 4 404c 8 334c400 3 909c 5 055d 8 967cÔ=Ä×5 Û“g Æ 9FB°ï 6t ,¹ 9 3þ ¥MÄÐÔ=Ä×MÄ tv8M,º MÄl¿Ô=Ä×。VüV gÛ()¿ ÿ, Ù É Û(Ô=¥! 3É, æ¿Á Ö 2¥î。²( ù,160,240 kg/hm2 2ñ) Ø¥Û(Í!)¿È £ Ü, G/(R +G +B)´S¶¹0.391 0.413 ;400 kg/hm2) Ø5)¿Ñ ÿ, G/(R +G +B)´0.413 80 100È0.391 0.413 0.391 0.413 70 75V 0.388 0.397 0.429 80 100È0.416 0.429 0.415 0.427 60 70V 0.401 0.415 0.442 70 90È0.426 0.440 0.442 0.440 45 50V 0.417 0.426 0.461 50 80È0.447 0.459 0.447 0.461 25 30V 0.439 0.448 &lt;0.448 03 ) &nbsp;樱þ3ªm¥ 3Ä·SÉ ÍÐg¥ y Îwi, LÉ¥ýTK5 S¿ÖÜ、l ©vBTþ 3-6, 9 ,Û(© vTþ “ -Î7µ¡ 8, 10 。&#39; k ñÊ ! Û( Í¥V 3Ä·SG/(R +G+B)¥$ ,y ë ßNÛ(ö1 3â ù Í ¥3ªm S。Û(3ª 3m s;SÄ´G/(R +G +B)Ð ñ±é Í·SiA÷¥LµM11“,B² ÐJial ¥ùî²TBÁ 4 。 s;SÄ´G/(R +G +B)Ðr Nmin=cb Ö÷c ©±é Í·S¥M1ñKÚ, aT¹ ßN Í¥V·S。ÐI N 10 、 . 8 ùî²Tµ î,K aRI N Í¥3ªm G/B ,7 . 5B/(R +G+B)¹KD·S。ÕTþÕ Ë3ªm·S ¥BÁ, V ?ÐTþ= ËÐ+¥µsµ1。&#39; k Í £ Ü) Ø¥Û(Á 、 3þ 、r Nmin#©ç¥±é Í·S¹$,81=c¬Ab Ö÷ i、= s ÍNSPAD 、= Ë 、±é c 4Õ ÍZE¥²T,Åç ßNÛ(²( ù Í¥3ªm 3Ä·SG/(R +G+B)¥ ÄS, H9wi M¥ g (V4)。7,®¿N Ëùî 7Z¥ HWÉ,Cµ¥¡ö1“Ï3ªm¥) Ø/ #±é!ÿ ßN© 5× 11-12 , # 3Ä·S¥ ÄSgwi¥¡ 4-5,10 。&#39; kHq/¤¥ 3Ä·S ÄSgwi γ1µ÷、÷&lt;W¥ k £ ÿ。 IÓD: 1 &nbsp; Ó , °r Â,f í. öê 8 vv °!s Æ J.gЯg, 2000 , 15(3):65-67. 2 &nbsp;I ,ç Ü,f í.Tþ!¥í å© k/ J. W¸ j&lt;, 2001(6):36-37. 3 &nbsp;Blackmer T M, Schepers J S, Varel G E.Light reflectance com-pared with other nitrogen stress measurements in corn leaves J.A-gron J, 1994, 6:934-938. 4 &nbsp;Jia Liangliang , Cheng Xinping.Use of digital camera to assess ni-trogen status of winter wheat in the northern China plain J.Jour-nal of Plant Nutrition, 2004, 27(3):441-450. 5 &nbsp;²ÈÜ,f í,ë ü,©. ã½!#gwiùî J.ÏS j&lt; SÐ,2002, 35(12):1500-1505. 6 &nbsp;Ï æ£,£Ï,Ï£,©.¿3ªQ ; ö¥ £ 8= Ë Í S© J.ÏS j&lt; SÐ, 2003, 36(7):807-812. 7 &nbsp;¦ , ¢c,f¥ ,©.¨ 3ms/ É ã½ Í!¥ùî J .ÏS 3 ÿ j&lt;Ð, 2008, 16(1):145-149. 8 &nbsp; ÙÝö,ë á á, à ). 3m/ . Í!Ï¥¨ J.ÏS . , 2006, 20(5):257-260. 9 &nbsp;Scharpf P C, Lory J A.Calibrating corn color from aerial pho-tographs to predict sidedress nitrogen need J.Agron J, 2002, 94:397-404. 10 &nbsp;¦®.¨ 3m/ ÉÛ(I N Í!¥ùî D.É=: j&lt;vÐ,2004. 11 &nbsp;ë, ÙÒ,Ûë V,©. = Ëc Ð3ªQ ;ö¥ç 1“ J. 3 ÿÐ, 2006(10):3463-3469. 12 &nbsp; Ùl, ˤ,¦ X Â,©. æ¨ *Ü© 4 | ã½= Ë3m Íc ¥ùî J .TþÐ, 2007, 33(10):1662-1666.465宋述尧等:数字图像技术在黄瓜氮素营养诊断上的应用研究吉林农业大学学报 Journal of Jilin Agricultural University</p>