欢迎来到园艺星球(共享文库)! | 帮助中心 分享价值,成长自我!
园艺星球(共享文库)
换一换
首页 园艺星球(共享文库) > 资源分类 > PDF文档下载
 

减水减肥对设施黑土菜田磷素累积与淋溶的影响.pdf

  • 资源ID:9581       资源大小:759.28KB        全文页数:9页
  • 资源格式: PDF        下载权限:游客/注册会员/VIP会员    下载费用:0金币 【人民币0元】
快捷注册下载 游客一键下载
会员登录下载
微信登录
下载资源需要0金币 【人民币0元】
邮箱/手机:
温馨提示:
系统会自动生成账号(用户名和密码都是您填写的邮箱或者手机号),方便下次登录下载和查询订单;
验证码:   换一换

加入VIP,免费下载
 
友情提示
2、PDF文件下载后,可能会被浏览器默认打开,此种情况可以点击浏览器菜单,保存网页到桌面,既可以正常下载了。
3、本站不支持迅雷下载,请使用电脑自带的IE浏览器,或者360浏览器、谷歌浏览器下载即可。
4、本站资源下载后的文档和图纸-无水印,预览文档经过压缩,下载后原文更清晰   

减水减肥对设施黑土菜田磷素累积与淋溶的影响.pdf

2021 1 29 1 Chinese Journal of Eco Agriculture Jan 2021 29 1 119 127 国家重点研发计划项目 2016YFD0800100 和黑龙江省杰出青年科学基金 JC2018011 资助 通信作者 隋跃宇 主要从事黑土生态及区域土壤地理研究 E mail suiyy 陈一民 主要从事土壤微生物及养分循环的研究 E mail chenyimin 收稿日期 2020 06 17 接受日期 2020 09 04 This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2016YFD0800100 and Heilongjiang Province Natural Science Funds for Outstanding Youth JC2018011 Corresponding author E mail suiyy Received Jun 17 2020 accepted Sep 4 2020 DOI 10 13930 ki cjea 200462 J 2021 29 1 119 127 CHEN Y M XU X JIAO X G QU H Y HOU M SUI Y Y The effect of reduced irrigation and chemical fertilizers on phosphorus accumulation and leaching in Mollisol vegetable fields J Chinese Journal of Eco Agriculture 2021 29 1 119 127 陈一民 1 徐 欣 2 焦晓光 2 曲红云 3 侯 萌 1 隋跃宇 1 1 150081 2 150080 3 150069 设施黑土菜田由于过量施肥和灌溉导致磷素淋溶损失严重 亟待优化水肥管理模式以减少设施黑土 菜田磷素淋溶 本研究依托黑土设施菜田淋溶监测试验 设置常规灌溉量与施肥量 WF 常规灌溉量 80 常 规化肥量 W80 F 80 常规灌溉量 常规肥处理 80 WF 3 个处理 对土壤磷储量 速效磷动态变化 磷素 淋失量进行分析 研究了不同水肥处理对黑土设施茄子土壤磷素淋失风险和淋失量的影响 结果表明 经种植 1 季茄子后 WF W80 F 和 80 WF 处理 0 100 cm 土体磷储量分别为 9 69 t hm 2 9 36 t hm 2 和 8 84 t hm 2 分 别比移栽前增加 26 5 27 5 和 7 1 随着茄子生育期延长 0 20 cm 土层速效磷含量呈先升高后降低的趋 势 80 WF 处理速效磷含量较其他两个处理高 变幅为 145 17 224 55 mg kg 1 20 40 cm 土层 WF 处理速效磷 含量基本保持不变 80 WF 处理速效磷含量整体呈上升趋势 W80 F 处理速效磷含量先升高后降低再升高 除盛果期外均显著高于另两个处理 WF W80 F 和 80 WF 磷素淋失量分别为 17 84 kg hm 2 17 47 kg hm 2 和 9 02 kg hm 2 其中有机磷淋失量占磷素淋失总量的 90 以上 磷素淋失量与磷储量增加量 盛果期 0 40 cm 土层速效磷含量 拉秧期 0 20 cm 土层速效磷含量之间均存在显著的相关性 P 0 05 可通过磷储量增加量来 预测生育期内磷素淋失量 与常规水肥处理相比 减少化肥施用量对磷素淋失量和淋失风险无明显影响 但减 少灌溉量能显著减少磷素淋失量 降低磷素淋失风险 研究结果可为设施黑土菜田磷素淋溶阻控提供技术支 撑 为新阻控技术的研发提供理论指导 设施黑土菜田 磷淋溶 磷储量 减施化肥 减少灌溉量 S158 5 OSID The effect of reduced irrigation and chemical fertilizers on phosphorus accumulation and leaching in Mollisol vegetable fields CHEN Yimin 1 XU Xin 2 JIAO Xiaoguang 2 QU Hongyun 3 HOU Meng 1 SUI Yueyu 1 1 Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Harbin 150081 China 2 College of Modern Agriculture and Eco environment Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 China 3 Institute of Horticulture Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin 150069 China Abstract Excessive fertilization and irrigation have led to phosphorus leaching in Mollisol vegetable fields and optimization of these practices is critical for reducing phosphorus pollution A leaching monitoring experiment was performed in a Mollisol eggplant field using the following three treatments standard irrigation and chemical fertilizer amounts WF standard irriga 120 2021 29 tion 80 chemical fertilizer W80 F and 80 irrigation standard chemical fertilizer 80 WF The soil phosphorus storage available phosphorus dynamics and phosphorus leaching amounts were analyzed to determine the effects of irrigation and fertilization treatments on phosphorus leaching After one growing season phosphorus storage in the 0 100 cm soil layers were 9 69 t hm 2 WF 9 36 t hm 2 W80 F and 8 84 t hm 2 80 WF which were 26 5 27 5 and 7 1 higher than before planting respectively These results showed that phosphorous accumulation occurred which increased the leaching risk During the extended eggplant growing period the available phosphorus in the 0 20 cm soil layer increased and then decreased and was highest in the 80 WF treatment ranging between 145 17 224 55 mg kg 1 The available phosphorus in the 20 40 cm soil layer did not change under WF treatment and increased under 80 WF treatment The available phosphorus fluctuated with W80 F but was significantly higher than that in the other treatments except during the full fruit period The phosphorus leaching amounts were 17 84 kg hm 2 WF 17 47 kg hm 2 W80 F and 9 02 kg hm 2 80 WF Organic phosphorus leaching was more than 90 of the total phosphorus leaching differing from other soil types There were significant positive correlations between phosphorus leaching and increased phosphorus storage available phosphorus in the 0 40 cm layer at the full fruit stage and in the 0 20 cm layer at the withering stage P 0 05 This indicates that changes in phosphorus storage and the available phosphorus content may help predict phosphorus leaching in Mollisols After one growing season phosphorus storage in the 0 100 cm layer increased in all treatments the smallest increase was in the W80 F treatment indicating that reduced irrigation lowers the phosphorous leaching risk Reducing chemical fertilizers did not affect phosphorus leaching or the leaching risk These results provide information for preventing phosphorus leaching which may be used to develop new techniques for Mollisol vegetable fields Keywords Facility vegetable field of Mollisols Phosphorus leaching Phosphorus storage Reducing chemical fertilizers application Reducing irrigation 1 2 FAO 3 321 kg 2 6 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2020 267 000 hm 2 13 14 Zhou 15 16 17 1 材料与方法 1 1 45 63 N 126 65 E 173 1 m 569 1 mm 6 9 60 11 1 20 0 g kg 1 1 83 g kg 1 1 27 g kg 1 pH 6 73 1 121 1 20 g cm 3 324 m 2 27 m 12 m Solanum melongena L 4 10 4 4 0 20 cm 1 2 2016 3 1 WF 2 80 W80 F 3 80 80 WF 1 40 3 3 18 m 2 6 m 3 m 201 17 18 表 1 不同处理设施茄子生育期内具体施肥及灌溉量 Table 1 Fertilization rates and irrigation amounts of different treatments during the growth period of eggplants Base fertilizer kg hm 2 Top dressing at initial fruiting stage kg hm 2 Top dressing at fruiting stage kg hm 2 Irrigation amount m 3 hm 2 Treatment Organic fertilizer N P 2 O 5 K 2 O N N K 2 O During transplanting At anthesis WF 5000 72 72 110 70 23 113 27 45 W80 F 5000 57 6 57 6 88 56 18 4 90 4 27 45 80 WF 5000 72 72 110 70 23 113 21 6 36 1 3 2019 4 26 5 26 6 21 7 19 10 17 3 0 20 cm 20 40 cm 40 60 cm 60 80 cm 80 100 cm 90 cm 1 2 m 2 100 mL 20 1 4 NaHCO 3 19 t hm 2 C i i D i 10 1 C i i g kg 1 i i g cm 3 D i i m kg hm 2 M n V n 10 6 S 10 4 2 M n n mg L 1 V n n L S m 2 t hm 2 3 1 5 Excel 2019 SPSS 20 0 0 05 Excel 2019 2 结果与分析 2 1 TP 0 100 cm 1 TP 3 TP 0 29 1 65 g kg 1 0 20 cm 20 40 cm W80 F TP WF 13 7 15 2 80 WF TP WF 43 9 9 1 40 100 cm TP 1 6 32 9 9 2 28 9 3 TP 0 37 1 57 g kg 1 20 40 cm W80 F 80 WF TP WF 57 7 16 6 122 2021 29 TP 0 1 35 7 TP 0 8 31 9 1 WF W80 F TP 10 5 43 7 6 0 57 0 60 80 cm 80 WF 0 20 cm TP 7 2 20 40 cm 60 80 cm 80 100 cm TP 19 3 37 7 26 8 图 1 不同水肥处理 0 100 cm 土体全磷含量 Fig 1 Total phosphorus contents in 0 100 cm soil profiles of different irrigation or fertilization treatments 1 The description of treatments is shown in the table 1 2 3 0 100 cm 7 34 8 25 t hm 2 80 WF W80 F 0 100 cm 8 84 9 69 t hm 2 WF 80 WF WF W80 F 80 WF 0 100 cm 26 5 27 5 7 1 0 100 cm W80 F WF 图 2 不同水肥处理 0 100 cm 土体磷储量 Fig 2 Phosphorus storage in 0 100 cm soil profile of different irrigation or fertilization treatments 1 The description of treatments is shown in the table 1 1 123 20 0 40 cm 40 100 cm 2 0 40 cm 0 100 cm 50 0 40 cm 4 12 5 27 t hm 2 3 80 WF W80 F WF 0 40 cm 5 18 5 77 t hm 2 3 W80 F 80 WF WF 1 WF W80 F 0 40 cm 25 7 26 1 80 WF 2 0 40 100 cm 2 76 3 54 t hm 2 3 WF 80 WF W80 F 40 100 cm 3 47 4 51 t hm 2 3 WF 80 WF W80 F 1 WF W80 F 40 100 cm 27 5 29 9 80 WF 16 3 2 2 0 40 cm 20 0 20 cm AP 3 WF AP 134 78 203 89 mg kg 1 W80 F AP 126 91 220 91 mg kg 1 80 WF AP 145 17 224 55 mg kg 1 3 AP W80 F 80 WF AP WF PWF W80 F AP P 0 05 20 40 cm WF AP 90 43 96 14 mg kg 1 W80 F AP 99 23 205 64 mg kg 1 0 20 cm 80 WF AP 75 40 114 54 mg kg 1 80 WF AP WF WF WF P 0 05 图 3 茄子生育期内不同水肥处理 0 20 cm 和 20 40 cm 土层速效磷含量动态变化 Fig 3 Dynamics of available phosphorus contents in 0 20 cm and 20 40 cm soil layers during eggplant growth period of different irrigation or fertilization treatments 1 The description of treatments is shown in the table 1 2 3 2 WF W80 F 80 WF 49 4 92 124 2021 29 W80 F 表 2 不同水肥处理土壤磷素淋失量 Table 2 Soil phosphorus leaching amounts of different irriga tion or fertilization treatments Leaching amount kg hm 2 Treatment Total phosphorus Organic phosphorus Inorganic phosphorus WF 17 84 1 45a 17 19 1 94a 0 65 0 10b W80 F 17 47 0 68a 16 70 0 83a 0 77 0 29a 80 WF 9 02 0 52b 8 35 0 61b 0 67 0 06b 1 P 0 05 The description of treatments is shown in the table 1 Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among treatments at P 0 05 level WF 80 WF 20 40 cm AP P 0 05 0 20 cm 20 40 cm AP 0 20 cm AP P 0 05 P 0 01 0 20 cm 20 40 cm AP 0 20 cm AP P 0 05 3 0 20 cm 20 40 cm AP 0 20 cm AP 表 3 磷素淋失量与磷储量变化及茄子不同生育期不同土层速效磷含量的相关分析 Table 3 Correlation between phosphorus leaching amounts and changes in phosphorus storage available phosphorus content of different soil layers at different growth stages of eggplant Soil depth cm Total P leaching amount Organic P leaching amount Inorganic P leaching amount Change in phosphorus storage 0 968 0 952 0 046 0 20 0 560 0 532 0 160 Available phosphorus at seedling stage 20 40 0 669 0 655 0 371 0 20 0 567 0 569 0 186 Available phosphorus at initial fruiting stage 20 40 0 483 0 469 0 362 0 20 0 711 0 692 0 293 Available phosphorus at full fruit stage 20 40 0 916 0 908 0 000 0 20 0 731 0 733 0 099 Available phosphorus at withering stage 20 40 0 020 0 002 0 217 0 01 0 05 and indicate significant correlation at 0 01 and 0 05 two tails levels respectively 3 讨论 1 20 20 21 78 82 mg kg 1 22 0 40 cm 0 20 cm 9 02 17 84 kg hm 2 92 96 23 Ca 2 Al 3 Fe 3 24 1 125 25 50 20 26 20 0 40 cm 10 11 27 12 Chen 17 28 20 29 20 30 17 18 15 20 4 结论 1 0 20 cm 126 2021 29 参考文献 References 1 VINCENT A G SCHLEUCHER J GR BNER G et al Changes in organic phosphorus composition in boreal forest humus soils The role of iron and aluminium J Biogeo chemistry 2012 108 1 3 485 499 2 J 2019 43 12 1091 1103 TANG L T LIU D LUO X P et al Forest soil phosphorus stocks and distribution patterns in Qinghai China J Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 2019 43 12 1091 1103 3 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Food supply crops primary equivalent EB OL 2018 02 05 http faostat fao org site 609 default aspx ancor 4 YU H Y LI T X ZHANG X Z Nutrient budget and soil nu trient status in greenhouse system J Agricultural Sciences in China 2010 9 6 871 879 5 JU X T KOU C L CHRISTIE P et al Changes in the soil environment from excessive application of fertilizers and manures to two contrasting intensive cropping systems on the North China Plain J Environmental Pollution 2007 145 2 497 506 6 HUANG S W JIN J Y BAI Y L et al Evaluation of nutrient balance in soil vegetable system using nutrient permissible surplus or deficit rate J Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2007 38 7 8 959 974 7 BLOOM P R MCBRIDE M B WEAVER R M Aluminum organic matter in acid soils Buffering and solution aluminum activity J Soil Science Society of America Journal 1979 43 3 488 493 8 MCDOWELL R W MONAGHAN R M Extreme phosphorus losses in drainage from grazed dairy pastures on marginal land J Journal of Environmental Quality 2015 44 2 545 551 9 GRAY C W MCDOWELL R W CARRICK S et al The ef fect of irrigation and urine application on phosphorus losses to subsurface flow from a stony soil J Agriculture Ecosys tems Environment 2016 233 425 431 10 GUPPY C N MENZIES N W MOODY P W et al Competi tive sorption reactions between phosphorus and organic mat ter in soil A review J Australian Journal of Soil Research 2005 43 2 189 202 11 YAN Y P LIU JR F LI W et al Sorption and desorption characteristics of organic phosphates of different structures on aluminium oxyhydr oxides J European Journal of Soil Science 2014 65 2 308 317 12 J 2013 44 3 612 616 JIA L J LI Y H SUN B H et al Effect of diverse soil man agements on inorganic phosphorus and its fractions in a loess soil from a long term experiment J Chinese Journal of Soil Science 2013 44 3 612 616 13 2015 2020 EB OL 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 san 201711 t20171129 5923411 htm General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture Notice of gen eral office of the Ministry of Agriculture on printing and dis tributing the national development plan for key areas of facility vegetables 2015 2020 EB OL 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 923411 htm 14 LIANG H HU K L BATCHELOR W D et al Developing a water and nitrogen management model for greenhouse vege table production in China Sensitivity analysis and evalua tion J Ecological Modelling 2018 367 24 33 15 ZHOU K SUI Y Y XU X et al The effects of biochar addi tion on phosphorus transfer and water utilization efficiency in a vegetable field in Northeast China J Agricultural Water Management 2018 210 324 329 16 HUANG J XU C C RIDOUTT B G et al Nitrogen and phosphorus losses and eutrophication potential associated with fertilizer application to cropland in China J Journal of Cleaner Production 2017 159 171 179 17 CHEN Y M ZHANG J Y XU X et al Effects of different ir rigation and fertilization practices on nitrogen leaching in fa cility vegetable production in northeastern China J Agricul tural Water Management 2018 210 165 170 18 J 2018 7 4 374 379 ZHANG J Y XU X CHEN Y M et al Effects of reducing ir rigation and chemical fertilizers on eggplant yield and water utilization efficiency in a facility vegetable field in black soil region J Soils and Crops 2018 7 4 374 379 19 M 2000 LU R K Soil Agrochemical Analysis Method M Beijing China Agricultural Science and Technology Press 2000 20 D 2020 ZHANG J Y Effect of continuous negative water pressure supply on growth development and physiological mechanism of eggplant D Daqing Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural Uni versity 2020 21 ASHRAF M Y AKHTAR K SARWAR G et al Role of the rooting system in salt tolerance potential of different guar accessions J Agronomy for Sustainable Development 2005 25 2 243 249 22 J 2020 48 7 123 130 BIE J Y DU W SUN B H et al Characteristics of soil phos phorus pool and risk assessment of phosphorus leaching in spring maize planting area of Jilin J Journal of Northwest A F University Natural Science Edition 2020 48 7 123 130 23 LIU X B BURRAS C L KRAVCHENKO Y S et al Over view of Mollisols in the world Distribution land use and 1 127 management J Canadian Journal of Soil Science 2012 92 3 383 402 24 M 2013 SUI Y Y ZHAO J FENG X M Discussion on Mollisols Al bisols and Gleysols Selection from Professor Zhiyi Zhang s Work M Harbin Harbin Map Press 2013 25 J 2019 41 6 707 712 SONG J M CAI H G ZHANG X Z et al Effects of different organic manures application on phosphorus content in black soil J Journal of Jilin Agricultural University 2019 41 6 707 712 26 GUO R Y NENDEL C RAHN C et al Tracking nitrogen losses in a greenhouse crop rotation experiment in North China using the EU Rotate N simulation model J Environ mental Pollution 2010 158 6 2218 2229 27 J 2020 31 1 157 164 LIU J LI C Y XING Y W et al Effects of long term fertili zation on soil organic phosphorus fractions and wheat yield in farmland of Loess Plateau J Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology 2020 31 1 157 164 28 KOPPELAAR R H E M WEIKARD H P Assessing phos phate rock depletion and phosphorus recycling options J Global Environmental Change 2013 23 6 1454 1466 29 NOACK S R MCBEATH T M MCLAUGHLIN M J Erratum to Potential for foliar phosphorus fertilisation of dryland cereal crops A review J Crop and Pasture Science 2011 62 5 444 30 BASTIDA F TORRES I F ROM

注意事项

本文(减水减肥对设施黑土菜田磷素累积与淋溶的影响.pdf)为本站会员(ly@RS)主动上传,园艺星球(共享文库)仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知园艺星球(共享文库)(发送邮件至admin@cngreenhouse.com或直接QQ联系客服),我们立即给予删除!

温馨提示:如果因为网速或其他原因下载失败请重新下载,重复下载不扣分。




固源瑞禾
关于我们 - 网站声明 - 网站地图 - 资源地图 - 友情链接 - 网站客服 - 联系我们

copyright@ 2018-2020 华科资源|Richland Sources版权所有
经营许可证编号:京ICP备09050149号-1

     京公网安备 11010502048994号


 

 

 

收起
展开