几种无土栽培甜椒基质的比较
r C1 *孙治强 李胜利 张惠梅河南农业大学林学园艺学院,郑州 450002K1 [ V∶813∶2、 3 T∶ F∶ 5∶3∶2 ∶ F∶ 5∶3∶23Cr 1 。TV ] C 3、 s9 AY。[l V∶3∶2 - r11 745 kg/hm2; 3 T∶ F∶ 5∶3∶25K T9 ,r42 753 kg/hm2,1v920.3,T LVccK, Cr aR Z。1oM C;;r mEs | S 641.304.7 \Bv r / W,B/ X Tp、h ] 、L15 、 b 3 O 3 v7 m s ]e[ 1] 。 r 1 T,S j Tcv C [ 2] 。9 730 T9} C, R [ 3] 。3sYl V,s jl 3 Ts jl 1 ,Cr rT,[ aCr LN Z,i S4 G 。1 ZE1.1 k 1998 ~ 1999 M\Z ; i k, k 3 3 ZnV1,[r v。 C, V pQ V V 2 cm、 F、 3, 3 T、 V , 3 T P, x 1 cm。 , z48 cm、 z72 cm,15 cm , A12cm, B 1 。r | I。r P]BA ZCaNO32188 g/t、KNO3 564.9 g/t、MgSO4 23 g/t、KH2PO4152.5 g/t 、HNO3 245 ml/t, EC1.5 ~ 2 .0ms/cm。 s- E5 。V1 FTable1 The treatment and its ulation TreatmentFSubstrates component81Volumeratio1VSlagpeat3∶22 3 T F Peanutshellvermiculiteperlite5∶3∶23 F Corncobvermiculiteperlite5∶3∶2CKr Soil cultureC Z5|,1998 M25 ,27 000/hm2 , 4,l u 30 m2 ,3Q, uF 。1.2 [ “ZE -vByrne[ 4] E BD、Y dAFP、Kv CC9 dTP。l 2003-01-21* 2 8 S/1[ “012201220 , 3,1956 M 3, q.T 2 jv \,45000222 3 2003 M 6 j v Journal of Huazhong Agricultural UniversityVol.22 No.3June 2003,266~ 269DOI 10.13300/ki .hnlkxb.2003.03.015C l H、Y、 、s c 、; q,T LVc、 V c 。 1E, s X4|E[ 5] ,; qS jv 3BAU;N,Vc2.6 - oppE, V c |A m9, E[ 6] 。 * 410 - 、9 T q,K| g ,i9 T 。2 Ts2.1 ] ] nV2 ,] Z VMnV3。 F] P sv。 -vr BDKv,1 .12 g/cm3 ,Q[ V ,7[ jl BDM l。TPvl 5BDvlMQ。AFPQY ,CCQ , 1 8 N,3 AFP∶CC vv,V Y z, 5 r ; V 3M, VCBD9v t ],TP5]。 Fs,AFPCCC]M t ], 1c V, AFPAFP∶CCv9v,CC,7[ jl 2 3M f MQ。V2 Table 2 The physical properties of material substrates Material substrates BD1/gcm-3 AFP2/ CC3/ TP4/ AFPCCPeat 0.28 20.3 65.3 85.6 1∶3.22 FVermiculite 0.48 25.4 67.2 92.6 1∶2.65 Perlite 0.09 53.3 43.2 96.5 1∶0.81VSlag 0.89 31.5 35.7 67.2 1∶1.14 3 TPeanutshell 0.27 61.2 23.3 84.5 1∶0.38 Corncob 0.36 52.9 36.7 89.6 1∶0.691Bulk density;2Air-filled porosity;3Container capacity;4Total porosityV3 ] MTable 3 The substrates physical characters and it schange of different ulation Treatment H DateBD/gcm-3AFP/ CC/ TP/ AFPCC1 02-05 0.531 25.7 46.8 72.5 1∶1.821 05-05 0.610 30.5 42.7 73.2 1∶1.401 07-05 0.617 36.8 39.8 76.6 1∶1.082 02-05 0.232 40.5 55.2 95.7 1∶1.362 05-05 0.273 32.3 59.2 91.5 1∶1.832 07-05 0.295 25.7 63.6 88.7 1∶2.533 02-05 0.297 33.3 60.1 93.4 1∶1.803 05-05 0.343 24.6 63.9 88.5 1∶2.603 07-05 0.387 19.8 65.3 85.1 1∶3.30CK 02-05 1.12 18.3 45.2 63.5 1∶2.47CK 05-05 1.13 16.5 46.1 62.6 1∶2.79CK 07-05 1.14 14.3 47.6 61.9 1∶3.332.2 ] C 3Y] C 3nV4 ,V 9TC、Y T A,v Kv, VCAs。] Z 39VCvs, 2 sY150.3 cm3 243 cm2 ,1 1 2sY10.42.9, sY3.210.3。[ V 2Y2.12 cm,v ,OAs。V4 ] C 3YTable 4 Growth property of sweet pepper in various substrates Treatment/cmHeightY/cmStem diameter Single leaf area/cm21 136.2 c 2.12 a 3 142 b c2 150.3 a b 1.87 b 3 243 a b3 146.0 b 1.62 d 2 941 cCK 156.8 a 1.83 b c 3 327 a267 3 r C1 2.3 ] C 3 Y] C s c ; qnV5, s c ; qvlQ ] ,] W vs。 2 s c ; q Kv,sY2.83 mg/g27.93 μmol/m2h, ; q1v21.1,srA 。 Qc V ,; q1v16.4,sA, W s c 5 As。 3 s c ; q 1 , 1、2vW As。V5 ] C s ; qYTable 5 Effects of substrates on chlorophyll contentand photosynsythesis of sweet pepper Treatment s /mgg-1Chlorophyll content; q/μmolm-2h-1Photosynsythesis1 2.52 b 26.84 a2 2.83 a 27.93 a3 1.85 c 20.25 cCK 2.68 a b 23.06 bV6 ] C YTable 6 Effects of substrates on yield of sweet pepperkg/hm2 Treatment- Early yield9 Total yield T q/Commercialfruit ratio T Commercialfruit yield1 11 745 a 45 076.5 a 94.0 42 372.0 a2 10 530 b 45 873.0 a 93.2 42 753.0 a3 9 450 c 39 123.0 c 78.5 30 711.0 cCK 10 449 b 43 999.5 a 80.8 35 551.5 bV7 ] CT L 1 Table7 Comparison of different substrates onsweet pepper qualities TreatmentVc/mgg-1c / Dry matter ratioc / Total sugar1 0.802 b 6.13 a 2.64 a2 0.854 a 5.84 b 2.50 bc3 0.653 d 5.50 d 2.14 dCK 0.732 c 5.76 c 2.43 c2.4 ] C Y] C YnV6, V] Ms, P s Wi“ As。 1 - ,11 745 kg/hm2 ,1v12.4,sA。 3 - K,9 450 kg/hm2 ,1v10 .6 ,srA ;9 5[ 2K,vWAs,v T q1 2 T q12.4, PW T sA, 2 T 1v20.3, 3 T K,v Ws rA 。2.5 ] ZT L Y] CT L snV7,Vcc QC B1S,] s/T LVcc s A。 2Vcc K,r0.854 mg/g ,1v16.7,sA, 3Vcc K,0.653 mg/g,1v12.1,srA 。 c vlGQ 1 、 2、v 3。3 kHqB, -9 E,F], T s v, s5 V iY, s5 B,[Kv 3 . 。V BcB ,}CaMgc ,c , Oc , 813∶29 b 11 aR。yN 1 - 3 z, - , M/ ,Y 9 4; C/ N49.9[ 7] ,s aRC/N 23 ~ 25,sV,B / N ; V 3 Y “,Y T 3, 。yN tC/ N P -A5 。 3 TC/ N l23 .9[ 7] O c , Vs ,yNiN C5,9 K,r 42 753.0kg/hm2 , 9zv, 3 TZ W,N10/m3 ,7B200/m3 ,yN 3 T∶ F∶ 5∶3∶2 B aZ u268 jv22 Z。 I D1 ;,\. s J v21 W j .S v,199911~ 32 R W , T , . vr . jv,2000,31189~ 923 ,;, T . R v rT. jv,2000,31193~ 954 Byrne P J , Carty B.Development in the measurements of air-filledporosity of peat substrates.Acta Horticulturae,1989 , 366257 ~2645 fI.T 3 E. j,1990.35~ 406 j. 3 L.6 2 S/ ,1980.45~ 507 S j/ w .Sg s.Sj,1999.53~ 63Comprison between Several Substrates on Soilless Culture of sweet PepperSun Zhiqiang Li Shengli Zhang HuimeiCollege of Forestry and Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University , Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaAbstracts Three different types of substrates obtained through three ulae,slag∶peat3∶2,peanut-shell∶vermiculite∶perlit5∶3∶2 and corncob∶vermiculite∶perlite5∶3∶2,were used in sweet pepper soillessculture.The results are as followsPlant cultivated in substrate in which inorganic material is the main com-ponent grows fine during early stage and the yield is superior to that of control.Slag∶peat 3∶2 gets the high-est early yield11 745 kg/hm2.The substrate including peanshell got the highest yield42 753 kg/hm2, in-creasing by 20 .3compared with the controls yield .Vc is also superior to that in the control s.Peanshell∶vermiculite∶perlite5∶3∶2 is an appropriate substrates ula for sweet pepper soilless culture.Key words sweet pepper;substrate;soilless culture责任编辑张志钰269 3 r C1