几种无土栽培甜椒基质的比较

+r C1 孙治强 李胜利 张惠梅(河南农业大学林学园艺学院,郑州 450002)K1 V?(81)=32、 3 T F =532 F =5323Cr 1 。TV : C 3?、 s9 ( AY。l V?=32 - r11 745 kg/hm2; 3 T F =5325K T9 ,r42 753 kg/hm2,1v920.3%,T LVccK, Cr aR Z。1oM C;r mEs | S 641.304+.7! Bv+ r / W,B/ X Tp、h 、L15 、 b 3 O ? 3 v7 m s e 1 。 r 1 T,S j Tcv C 2 。9 7?30 T9 C, R 3 。3sYl V?,s jl 3 Ts jl 1 ,Cr rT, aCr LN Z,i S4 G 。1 ZE1.1 k 1998 1999 M:?Z ; i = k, k !3 3 Z(nV1),r v。 C, V? pQ V V?( 2 cm)、 F、 3, 3 T、 V , 3 T P, x ( 1 cm)。 ,?: =z48 cm、 z72 cm,15 cm , =A12cm, !B 1 。r | I。r ( PB!A Z:Ca(NO3)2188 g/t、KNO3 564.9 g/t、MgSO4 23 g/t、KH2PO4152.5 g/t 、HNO3 245 ml/t, EC1.5 2 .0ms/cm。 s- E5 。V1 ) #FTable1 The treatment and its formulation) TreatmentFSubstrates component81Volumeratio1V?+Slag+peat322 3 T+ F+ Peanutshell+vermiculite+perlite5323 + F+ Corncob+vermiculite+perlite532CKr Soil cultureC Z5|,1998 M25 ,27 000/hm2 , =4,l u 30 m2 ,3Q, uF 。1.2 “#ZE -vByrne 4 E (BD)、Y d#(AFP)、Kv (CC)9 d#(TP)。l :2003-01-21 2 8 S/1 “(012201220) , 3,1956 M 3, q.T: 2 jv ,45000222 3 2003 M 6 j v Journal of Huazhong Agricultural UniversityVol.22 No.3June 2003,266 269DOI :10.13300/j.cnki .hnlkxb.2003.03.015C l H、Y、= 、=s c 、; q,T LVc、 V % c 。= 1=E,= s X?4|E 5 ,; qS jv 3BAU;N,Vc2.6 -= oppE, V %c |A m9, E 6 。:) * (410 - )、9 T q,K| g ,i9 T 。2 Ts2.1 + +nV2 , Z +# VMnV3。) F P +sv。 -v(r )BDKv,1 .12 g/cm3 ,Q V?) ,7 jl ) BDM l。TPvl 5BDvlMQ。AFPQY ? ,CCQ ? , 1 +8 N,3) AFPCC (vv,V Y z, 5 r ; V) + (? 3M, (VCBD9v t ,TP5。 Fs,AFPCCCM t ,) 1c V?, AFPAFPCCv9v,CC,7 jl ) 2) 3M f MQ。V2 +Table 2 The physical properties of material substrates Material substrates BD1)/gcm-3 AFP2)/ % CC3)/ % TP4)/ % AFP:CCPeat 0.28 20.3 65.3 85.6 13.22 FVermiculite 0.48 25.4 67.2 92.6 12.65 Perlite 0.09 53.3 43.2 96.5 10.81V?Slag 0.89 31.5 35.7 67.2 11.14 3 TPeanutshell 0.27 61.2 23.3 84.5 10.38 Corncob 0.36 52.9 36.7 89.6 10.691)Bulk density;2)Air-filled porosity;3)Container capacity;4)Total porosityV3 ) +#MTable 3 The substrates physical characters and it schange of different formulation) Treatment H DateBD/gcm-3AFP/ % CC/ % TP/% AFP:CC1 02-05 0.531 25.7 46.8 72.5 11.821 05-05 0.610 30.5 42.7 73.2 11.401 07-05 0.617 36.8 39.8 76.6 11.082 02-05 0.232 40.5 55.2 95.7 11.362 05-05 0.273 32.3 59.2 91.5 11.832 07-05 0.295 25.7 63.6 88.7 12.533 02-05 0.297 33.3 60.1 93.4 11.803 05-05 0.343 24.6 63.9 88.5 12.603 07-05 0.387 19.8 65.3 85.1 13.30CK 02-05 1.12 18.3 45.2 63.5 12.47CK 05-05 1.13 16.5 46.1 62.6 12.79CK 07-05 1.14 14.3 47.6 61.9 13.332.2 C! 3Y C! 3nV4 ,V 9TC、Y= T A,v= Kv, ) (VCAs。 Z! 39VCvs,) 2= sY150.3 cm3 243 cm2 ,1) 1) 2sY10.4%2.9%,= sY3.2%10.3%。 V?) 2Y2.12 cm,v ) ,OAs。V4 C! 3YTable 4 Growth property of sweet pepper in various substrates) Treatment/cmHeightY/cmStem diameter= Single leaf area/cm21 136.2 c 2.12 a 3 142 b c2 150.3 a b 1.87 b 3 243 a b3 146.0 b 1.62 d 2 941 cCK 156.8 a 1.83 b c 3 327 a267 3 :+r C1 2.3 C 3 +Y C= = s c ; qnV5,= s c ; qvlQ ? ,) W vs。) 2= s c ; q (Kv,sY2.83 mg/g27.93 mol/(m2h), ; q1v21.1%,srA 。 Qc V?) ,; q1v16.4%,sA, W= s c 5 As。) 3= s c ; q (1 ,) 1、)2vW (As。V5 C= = s ; qYTable 5 Effects of substrates on chlorophyll contentand photosynsythesis of sweet pepper) Treatment= s /mgg-1Chlorophyll content; q/molm-2h-1Photosynsythesis1 2.52 b 26.84 a2 2.83 a 27.93 a3 1.85 c 20.25 cCK 2.68 a b 23.06 bV6 C YTable 6 Effects of substrates on yield of sweet pepperkg/hm2) Treatment- Early yield9 Total yield T q/%Commercialfruit ratio T Commercialfruit yield1 11 745 a 45 076.5 a 94.0 42 372.0 a2 10 530 b 45 873.0 a 93.2 42 753.0 a3 9 450 c 39 123.0 c 78.5 30 711.0 cCK 10 449 b 43 999.5 a 80.8 35 551.5 bV7 CT L 1 Table7 Comparison of different substrates onsweet pepper qualities) TreatmentVc/mgg-1c / %Dry matter ratioc / %Total sugar1 0.802 b 6.13 a 2.64 a2 0.854 a 5.84 b 2.50 bc3 0.653 d 5.50 d 2.14 dCK 0.732 c 5.76 c 2.43 c2.4 C Y C YnV6, V Ms, P s) Wi“ As。) 1 - ,11 745 kg/hm2 ,1v12.4%,sA。) 3 - K,9 450 kg/hm2 ,1v10 .6 %,srA ;9 5) 2K,vWAs,v T q1) 2 T q12.4%, PW T sA,) 2 T 1v20.3%,) 3 T K,v ) Ws (rA 。2.5 ZT L Y CT L snV7,Vcc QC B1S, s/T LVcc s A。) 2Vcc K,r0.854 mg/g ,1v16.7%,sA,) 3Vcc K,0.653 mg/g,1v12.1%,srA 。 c vlGQ) 1 、) 2、v) 3。3 ) kHqB, -9 E,F, T s v, s5 V ?iY, + s5 B,?Kv 3 . 。V? BcB ,CaMgc ,c , Oc , 81329 b# 11 aR。yN) 1 - 3? z, - , M/ ,Y 9 4; C/ N49.9 7 ,s aRC/N (23 25),sV,B / N ;= ?V 3 Y “,Y T 3?, 。yN tC/ N P -A5?) 。 3 TC/ N l(23 .9) 7 O ! c , Vs ,yNiN C5,9 ) K,r 42 753.0kg/hm2 , 9zv, 3 TZ W,N10/m3 ,7B200/m3 ,yN 3 T F =532 B aZ u268 jv22 Z。 I D1 ;,. s J v21 W ! j .S v,1999(1):1 32 R W , T +, . vr . + jv,2000,31(1):89 923 ,;, T +. R v rT. + jv,2000,31(1):93 954 Byrne P J , Carty B.Development in the measurements of air-filledporosity of peat substrates.Acta Horticulturae,1989 , 366:257 2645 fI.T 3 E.: j,1990.35 406 j. 3 L.6 2: S/ ,1980.45 507 S j/ w.Sg !s.:Sj,1999.53 63Comprison between Several Substrates on Soilless Culture of sweet PepperSun Zhiqiang Li Shengli Zhang Huimei(College of Forestry and Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University , Zhengzhou 450002, China)Abstracts Three different types of substrates obtained through three formulae,slagpeat=32,peanut-shellvermiculiteperlit=532 and corncobvermiculiteperlite=532,were used in sweet pepper soillessculture.The results are as follows:Plant cultivated in substrate in which inorganic material is the main com-ponent grows fine during early stage and the yield is superior to that of control.Slagpeat =32 gets the high-est early yield(11 745 kg/hm2).The substrate including peanshell got the highest yield(42 753 kg/hm2), in-creasing by 20 .3%compared with the controls yield .Vc is also superior to that in the control s.Peanshellvermiculiteperlite=532 is an appropriate substrates formula for sweet pepper soilless culture.Key words sweet pepper;substrate;soilless culture(责任编辑:张志钰)269 3 :+r C1