日光温室甜樱桃生长发育节律研究_吕德国.pdf
ó \ Ð 2002, 29 5477~ 479Acta Horticulturae Sinicalà ° ù2001-12-24;©í ° ù2002-04-30Á[ “SEp Vª SÐÁ[ “Ïp[1998] 9|; a 8p V îÁ[ “ S[2000] 6|*C¹ öê jvÐó\Ðp Vª î_p Vªùî ¦ô。°;Ñ iC 3Éâ« pùî吕德国* 刘国成 杜国栋 jvÐó\Ðý, 110161K 1C °;Ñ iHq/,1 6ѱéYV¨ äª,£ 7¤ ú °;iV ° ÆÑ i PÑ 6 7 S 7½ÿ30 d,½ ùûÃ10~ 14 d; 7½ª17~ 21 d 3 Ø T; 3 Ø TÀT L“ ä29~ 43 d MWµsv;“ äî ÿ10 d。ïÅ“S” 3É,»2Q«É¹Ê«É, ùv¿»1Q,èv Í,«W É。ô £ ªá Î/,Ð¥* M1,Ê 3ɪ» 6, ù ¨ 。1oM °;Ñ i;C; 3Éâ;« pÏms Ë|S 663.1 ÓDS M A ÓcI|0513-353X 200205-0477-031 “¥、 ÐZEC °;Ñ i ¡ÏÈ 3±é 3Éâ ,UTµ,½èsÄ ,¥* ,Ê«É© C〔1,2〕 。 ùî» ì °;Ñ iHq/C 3Éâ p,V7¹ ÚÁÚr4/ I。 k¿1998 M9À2000 M9 jvÐó\Ðý °;Ñ iÏÉ。[3 M 3、 5M 3£§ , 2 M 3é ¼* 、 4 、 D 、» 5 ¹ k, ¹ ö〔Cerasussachalinensis Fr.SchuKom.Prunus lereileanakoehne.〕。M Æ °;Ñ i - [°å30 cm,Ú40 cm¥I® ì。 ûKô±,ç± 20 cm,¸b4.5 v,î36 cm36 cm¥Kôª,[E¸ô“/。±é õ ì¥I®B b ,g 7ª Ü ë, æ¨Vr ¡r û z60 cm,/ z100 cm,Ú40 cm。 Ä2ÛØ°1Qô 3ÉÄ ,Zʹ 3göå1/25 ~25 cmrª, |Z vrE20 cm20 cm20 cm。ë |1 gY1 mm¥ô,9 3ÉÄ 。4³±é 7½þ© ùT LâÉñ。 ÄÛØ°1QÉ、ÄÛ。él u,¯10Q。2 ²TÐs2.1 5 M 3£§ ²T ¹ 3ÉâÉñV M °;Ñ iÏ£§ C¥ 3ÉâÉñV1 V[ A,1 6ѱéYV¨ äª,£ 7¤ ú °;iV ° ÆÑ i PÑ 6 7 S 7½ Í30 d ,NWâ ÑKÚ20℃,W6~ 8℃;½ ùâ Ñ16~ 18℃,W8~ 10℃,½ ùûÃ10~ 14 d。 7½ª17~ 21 d»1Q 3 Ø T。1»1Q 3 Ø TÀT L“ ä MWµs v,29 ~ 43 d 。“ äî 10 dP·。yN,T L⥠ù»2Q ÎÉ ù¥É sÌâHq ¡5 Øn Yv, ç °;Ñ iT Lâ ùÉ ¥1 H ù,Ø«T Lî ù¥*“¿NB H ù。2.2 2 M 3C¼ ¹ 3ÉâÉñ2.2.1 新梢生长动态 °;Ñ iÏCï üA¥“S” 3Ém1。 6ѪÜVB H ù¥Ï ¤ 3ÉªÉ Æ»1ñ ÎÉ ù,ûÃÍ1ñ325 °À422 °。ªÉ ÆÏ ¤ 3É ù,N H ù“D ÖÕ ¯µ üA9É, Å3ñ ÖÕÍTÉ。ûÃÍ50 d 422 °À610 °ª, îµ ÖÕ»5ªÉ Æ»2Q«É ù, 4 » 5 3É« 9, é ¼* D »1Qá Î 3É ù 3É v。»2Q«É ùûà HW¥É , ÖÕWµY v, é¼* K5TÉ,»2Q«ÉÇûÃ28 d; 4 KªTÉ,»2Q«ÉûÃÍ50 d。V1 °;Ñ iC 7½T LâÉñ 6Ѫ Table1 Processesof bloomingand fruit development of sweet cherryin solar greenhouse days after heating d7 S 6Ñ ° ùHeating initiation dayS½Beginning ofblooming3 Ø TPhysiologicaldropStonehardeningT L»2Qá Î ³vSecond fast largingof fruitT L“ äFruitcolouring lHarvesting1999-01-18 29 02-16 46 03-05 67 03-26 84 04-12 89 04-17 98 04-262000-02-02 28 03-01 49 03-22 59 04-02 65 04-08 78 04-21 87 04-30ÿ | ¹ ° ù- °。NoteData in the blank was date month-day.m1 °;Ñ i2 M 3C¼ 3Éî ÿFig.1 Rhythm of shootsgrowth of 2yearsold sweet cherryplant in solar greenhouseV 3É A, 4ñ ÖÕ®vl¹» 5 94.0 cm, 4 84.3 cm, D 82.9 cm, é ¼* 52.3 cm。» 5 3É ]K , é ¼* K Ð OTÉ*, V çU *TÁ。2.2.2 干周增长动态 Vm2 V[ A, 4ñ ÖÕ¥ÄÛ9É]¿3É,1415 °[ª 6Ѫ73 d 7 SÏ ¤9F,í üA¥FY 3ÉVñ。 ª üñ 3É1g £\ɱé 3ÉâdÈ1。4ñ ÖÕ1 ,ÄÛFYK y¥¹D ,K ¤¥¹ 4 ,ñ 3É1 4 ÄÛFY SÔ¿K® £ Ü, 429 °ªD 5B°¿KÚ £ Ü。´¤ÿi¥ » 5 B ÖÕ, KÉ¥,7ÄÛFY T¸K*¥。7 OÄÛ9É 730 °] HT¸,NC´¤ Æùî。m2 °;Ñ i2 M 3CÄÛ 3Éî ÿFig.2 Rhythm of perimeter of trunk growth of 2 years old sweet cherry plant in solar greenhouse478 ó \ Ð 29 2.3 ô“ 3î ÿVm3 V[ A,ôH Û1«MÄv。 3É1¥ - ù514 °[ -á Î/, £ ° 430 °ª,B°ûÃ5Ï。ª 7 S 6, l, O Û Q/。3É1ª ù7/[ª,ôH » üA9F,Q l1ôÚ¥ 。m3 °;Ñ i3 M 3CôH MMÄFig.3 Change of new root number of 3years old sweet cherry in solar greenhouse´¤ÿi¥ 1015 °[ª,¹ *XTÉ,ôH üA4Ú,NVñ Ù HW ,l,¿ ë H û ô、uô“î¥ î¹ Íè、 7½¥Èɵ¹1¥il。 3Á LlÏÿ l g、9ò £,vñ 9 YV9F Ëô¥ 4Ú 8û £ Ü,4Ú 8ÿ ¥。 IÓD1 ¿S.1¿T ¡¥Ä ± I.õ ûT , 1997, 38~ 92 ¦Á. öê 8T ¹¹ ¡ZCiÙ5¦. T , 1998, 132~ 35Studies on Growth and Development Rhythm of Sweet Cherry in Solar Green-houseLǜ Deguo, Liu Guocheng, and Du GuodongHorticultural College , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110161, ChinaAbstractIt was about 30 days for sweet cherry to bloom after heating by opening the mulching straw matresswith which the blooming period lasting 10 days to 2 weeks.The physiological drop occured 17 days to 21 days afterblooming , and the periods between physiological drop to fruit colouring were different during different years whichlasted 29 days to 43 days.And there were little differences in the periods between fruit colouring to ripening whichwere all about 10 days .Dynamic growth patterns of es of sweet cherries in green house were typical“double-S” , and the second fast growth period was compensatory growth which wasmore vigorous than the first one with al-most all the axillary buds germinating in longer internode .The number of new roots decreased rapidly with openingthe mulching film because of leaf premature senescence , and increased with shoot compensatory growth in a slightdegree.KeywordsSolar greenhouse;Sweet cherry;Growth and development;Rhythm4795 ù g£S© °;Ñ iC 3Éâ« pùî